Global and Complex Networks Seminar, Winter 2007

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Th 11:00-1:50, SST 630

GLOBAL AND COMPLEX NETWORKS Course Codes 69740 Soc 229; 71520 Soc Sci 249A

  • Basic text: Social Networks: An advanced introduction for sociologists and everybody else, by Jeroen Bruggeman. He synthesizes new approaches in network analysis in a lively test that makes the current approaches and materials accessible both at the introductory level and the advanced level

    Related themes for the seminar:

  • Understanding Generative Models for networks, expanding on chapters 3 and 4, including the generative random models, small-word, scale-free and the more realistic social-circles generative network models reviewed in the pdf the social circles generative model 2006 publication
    Networks and Hierarchies provides some foundational model for networks and processes widely useful in network studies.(but the q-exponential example requires correction.
  • Issues and new methods for community-finding, roles, and cohesion

  • Use of Pajek, R from Pajek, Spss, Excel optimizer, MLE estimation, Exponential random graphs (see below), and simulations from generating functions. We meet in a computer lab to facilitate use of software where appropriate. Here are instructions For Rcmdr, the R GUI if you prefer menu-driven R. Pajek to R: Vectors and Matrices
    Pajek How To? How to.PDF, and SNA (see for example The interaction of size and density with graph-level indices; Anderson, Butts, and Carley 1999)
  • Analytic methods and results for network and social dynamics
  • students will present chapters and readings chosen from references below (references on-line suited for a variety of graduate student interests), do exercises from the text, use software in the lab, work on and present a project of their choice
    SUPPLEMENTARY RESOURCES: EVERYTHING BELOW

    The UCI Social Network Research Group meets Thursdays an hour after this seminar ends (3-4:00).

    Occasional Friday Social Complexity seminars: some on Networks and Complexity

    A reference book of readings for networks and dynamics is The Structure and Dynamics of Networks $45 at Amazon. 581 pages. See Review.

    New: The R library iGraph for pajek and networks

    Data for Pajek from the de Nooy, Batajelj and Mrvar chapters
    Spss,MatLab and other Stats Manuals

    Exponential random graphs

  • New specifications for exponential random graph models Snidjers, T.A.B., Pattison, P., Robins, G., & Handcock, M. (2006) New specifications for exponential random graph models. Sociological Methodology.
    four additional papers
  • Cycle census for Exponential random graphs Carter Butts 2006

    Data and articles on large networks: finding communities in large networks, finding monopolies, origins of capitalism, global and regional trade networks (city and state,and their longitudinal dynamics), networks of civilizations, modeling continent level social networks, cultural diffusion and demography (Australia), supply networks of industrial districts, inter-industry networks, the worldwide biotech industry network, epistemic communities in the sciences, modeling central asian/mid eastern polities based on their kinship and systems, modeling countrywide social class systems as networks, the Bell Labs phone call network (broken down by businesses and residences--63 million calls in one day: what are the network properties?), social movements, and large networks from all over the planet and all the disciplines. All fascinating materials relevant to Sociology, Economics, PoliSci, ICS, MBS, Demography, Anthro, Statistics, History, Business School and marketing students. We will be using excel, pajek and R (see installation, FAQ, its six pdf manuals in the R help menu, and Carter's CRAN pages) as analytic tools, and reading from the new literature on large networks. The course links reach out to all kinds of potential projects, including the European Union project on social and network scaling, the Santa Fe Institute project on civilizations, the International Society/Conferences on Complexity Systems and its living roadmap for complexity sciences, the complexity network in Korea, etc. In addition, signing on to the 1.33 credit colloquium Soc Sci 240B for the Human Sciences and Complexity Videocolloquia provides access to top speakers every two weeks or so. The concise new on-line book, Social Networks Basics for Sociologists and everyone else by Jeroen Bruggeman, covers the latest advances in network analysis.
    Website: http://eclectic.ss.uci.edu/~drwhite/Global/Global07.html

    How to Analyze pajek data sent to R

    Pajek files

    SPSS Base Users Guide14.0

    Reading 1Networks and Hierarchy

    Tutorial/Practicum Fitting Network Distributions with Spss, Excel and MLE

    Issues of modularity
    Hierarchical organization in complex networks Erzsebet Ravasz and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi. 2003. Phys. Rev. E 67, 026112 (2003) (7 pages)
    Cyclic topology in complex networks. Kim, Hyun-Joo, and Jin Min Kim. 2005. Phys. Rev. E 72, 036109 (4 pages)
    Uncovering the overlapping community structure of complex networks in nature and society Nature 435, 814-818 (Letter: 9 June 2005) Gergely Palla, Imre Derenyi, Illes Farkas and Tamas Vicsek

    Handbook of Graphs and Networks (includes Adamic et al. on navigability)
    Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf's law newman
    Tree structure and hubs
    Newman centrality
    Garry Robins - publications and pdfs
    2007: Handcock and Raftery Geometric Model for Clustering
    Modeling Interactome: Scale-Free or Geometric?N. Przulj, D. G. Corneil, and I. Jurisica, Bioinformatics, volume 20, number 18, pages 3508-3515, 2004.
    Bruggeman's 2006 Networks embedded in n-dimensional space: the impact of dimensionality change. (co-author Gabor Peli), Social Networks 28-4: 449-453.

    network dynamics - Barabasi
    Accelerated growth in networks
    random graph dynamics eBook
    Accelerated Growth of Networks S.N. Dorogovtsev and J.F.F. Mendes

    Moody clusters

    here, btw, is the dynamics of the Southern women events data on which you can superimpose cohesion measures. "Finding social groups: A meta-analysis of the southern women data" In Ronald Breiger, Kathleen Carley and Philippa Pattison (eds.) Dynamic Social Network Modeling and Analysis. Washington, D.C.:The National Academies Press, 2003. See also Moody, McFarland, Bender-deMoll Movie paper just accepted for AJS, also in pure html See also Moody, J. (2003) Moody's ppt on cohesion: Epidemic Potential in Human Sexual Networks: Connectivity and the Development of STD Cores
    finding communities in networks (published in Nature) Tamas Vicsek - there is free software at his home page

    Cohesive Subgroups and Role Equivalence: Sampson Monastery examples

    Community: Girvan and Newman on edge betweenness deletion
    network motifs (cohesion)

    leftright divisive cohesion: Valdes Krebs
    2005 Walter W. Powell, Douglas R. White, Kenneth W. Koput Jason Owen-Smith. Network Dynamics and Field Evolution: The Growth of Interorganizational Collaboration in the Life Sciences. American Journal of Sociology 110(4):1132-1205 (has full text in pdf as well as html with enhancements) electronic edition Download: PDF SFI-WP2003d.pdf See link to movies at Barabasi site Santa Fe Institute Working Paper
    See link to movies at Barabasi site

    2003 Douglas R. White, Walter W. Powell, Jason Owen-Smith and James Moody Networks, Fields and Organizations: Scale, Topology and Cohesive Embeddings. In preparation for Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, for a special issue on Mathematical Representations for the Analysis of Social Networks within and between Organizations, guest edited by Alessandro Lomi and Phillipa Pattison.

    Week 4: Historical Dynamics A good starting point for global historical network dynamics would be the Peter Turchin book, 2003, Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall. Princeton: Princeton University Press, in the series Princeton Studies in Complexity. It has chaps 2-4 on Geopolitics; Collective Solidarity; and Metaethnic frontier theory and a very strong dynamical methodology (see below, NLTSM, and the software download. There is a less formal presentation of these ideas and case studies in Peter Turchin. 2006. War and Peace and War: The Life Cycles of Imperial Nations $18, used for $10. This required reading is the best education in historical dynamics and contemporary issues, emphasizing culture and cooperation, that you will ever get, and it summarizes in a nontechnical way the principles of Turchin's published theories and analysis of culture and historical evolution. Secular Cycles and Millenial Trends Korotayev

    background readings on social networks: Cmap download for the Freeman collection

    Jrnl World Systems Research current issue

    Chapter 7 (photocopied) of his book on Complex Population Dynamics: A Theoretical/Empirical Synthesis explains the methods and software). His chapters relate to network issues in growth dynamics, network position and conflict-legitimacy; network cohesion, segmentation and bureaucratic aging; fault lines and boundaries, and scaling-up of networks -- understood broadly, an analytic network theory of social dynamics. Networks and Complexity pdfs (special issue) strength of weak ties - review
    Navigability of Strong Ties

    Introduction: Networks, Ethnography, and Emergence

    Civilizations as dynamic networks ppt
    To play videoconferences off the web, you will need Real Player, which is a free download. Then open "real player", play something, and in the url window you can cut and paste the url below into the real player address bar or just click here.
    streaming video #1: rtsp://media.nacs.uci.edu:554/ITC/SocialScience/White/Anthro-093005.rm
    Friday 1:30-3:00 - #1 Sept 30 Doug White "Civilizations as dynamic networks: Cities, hinterlands, populations, industries, trade and conflict" - preliminary report on an eBook and Plenary talk for the European Conference on Complex Systems Paris, 14-18 November 2005
    Theoretical background: Network Processes in Evolving Systems. This also has links to other studies, such as:
    Thirteenth century world-system. A collaboration of Peter Spufford, Douglas White and Joseph Wehbe.

    other civ as dyn nets pdfs from ppts

    Douglas R. White, Natasa Kejzar, Constantino Tsallis and Celine Rozenblat. City-size hierarchies, 250 BCE -- 2005: Generative models toward a long-term geopolitical theory Figure 4 - will teach from this a new method for analyzing networks and complexity through time e.g., from global system data excel and q-estimation or use rank-size q-estimation

    Very Local Structure (Triads) in 31 networks Katie Faust (later paper expands to 62)

    "Finding an Appropriate Order for a Hierarchy Based on Probabilistic Dominance" (K. A. Jameson, M. C. Appleby and L. C. Freeman) Animal Behaviour, 57, 1999, 991-998.
    "Uncovering Organizational Hierarchies" Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 3, 1997, 5-18.

    network study of an industrial district (replace last F by f)
    networks and hierarchies for ISCOM

    Borgatti on structural holes
    Padgett Use R (www.r-project.org) for the new blockmodeling package (coming soon- Ales Ziberna) that covers:
    - REGE (drw REGE, REGD, some other variants describes in a paper soon to be submitted to The journal of mathematical sociology.
    - A function that computes distance in terms of structural equivalence (several options).
    - Generalized blockmodeling (binary (Doriean, Batagelj, Ferljgoj), valued (my), homogeneity(my), implicit (ideas by Batagelj, Ferljgoj))
    - A ploting function for (a partitioned) matrix.

    On the applied side, we can start the network analysis studies with the problem of network position of different sectors in national economies in Europe, for which I have data on six countries five time periods with comparable input-output data. See regular equivalence analysis. That should give some understanding of the dynamics of productive economies; the commonalities or differences in their network topologies; may also lead to a joint publication with a team of researchers in Germany; and we can use the classical regular equivalence program for positional analysis that Dave Smith and used in our global dynamics analysis, 1965-1980 for which the following readings would be in order:

    1988 Large-Scale Network of World Economy: Social scientists use the CRAY Interview: Douglas R. White, David A. Smith. Science at the San Diego Supercomputer Center 1987: 27-28 Structure and Dynamics of the Global Economy: Network Analysis of International Trade 1965-1980 David A. Smith, Douglas R. White Social Forces, Vol. 70, No. 4. (Jun., 1992), pp. 857-893. pw/GlobalEcon1992.pdf
    generalized blockmodeling

    Joerg Reichard and I are doing a paper on Truly Generalized Blockmodeling that will be available in draft

    bicomponents, vulnerability, equivalence

    1993 Bearman, Peter S. and Kevin D. Everett. "The Structure of Social Protest: 1961-1983." Social Networks 15:171-200. Bearman, see:


    epistemic networks - a new approach to connecting microdynamics to macrostructural change in networks, implemented with relevance to belief and knowledge communities
    social simulation as control variables
    Lattices of cliques
    p-graphs Ring cohesion connecting micro and macro in how cohesion is generated (uses Pajek macros) tools Group Dynamics, Social Networks and Cultural Capital
    kinship in Australia algebraic structure v life cycle
    Linkages project database
    Cultural Kinetics
    self-extracting pajek kin network files

    1977 Douglas R. White, Michael L. Burton, and Lilyan A. Brudner, Entailment Theory and Method: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Sexual Division of Labor. Behavior Science Research 12:1-249. download data from spss world cultural data on D of L as a network excel
    the discrete logic of avoidance

    "Visualizing Social Networks" (click on the title to get a pdf version, or click on the following journal name to go to the original on-line journal version) Journal of Social Structure, 1, 2000, (1).
    "Graphic techniques for exploring social network data" In Peter J. Carrington, John Scott and Stanley Wasserman (eds.) Models and Methods in Social Network Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

    introducing social networks Degenne A Small World Threshold for Economic Network Formation by Eyal Even-Dar and Michael Kearns, NIPS*Online Papers

    Plott, Jackson
    THE MARKET FOR PROTECTION AND THE ORIGIN OF THE STATE KAI A. KONRAD STERGIOS SKAPERDAS



    CMOT paper

    other materials and pubs on-line My Culture and Evolution course - has lots of links
    Network Theories of Social Structure syllabus
    Social Networks Syllabi and home pages
    ISCOM links background to network analyses
    links page networks and complexity
    self-extracting pajek network files
    ISCOM And forward from there (other readings will mostly be available in pdf).

    Some other links:

  • Time-mapping Globalization in the World-System
  • ISCOM links- DRW
  • [Italian heat] The ISCOM Projects http://www.santafe.edu/files/gems/socialscaling/Notesonontology.pdf http://www.santafe.edu/files/gems/socialscaling/MRussoVenice.pdf http://www2.law.columbia.edu/sabel/papers.htm Theory of a Real Time Revolution, paper presented at the 19th EGOS Colloquium, July 2003; forthcoming in Organizational Studies, 2003 http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalTOC.aspx?pid=105725&sc=1
  • Links for Civilizations Project
  • Long-Term Research Projects
  • The Linkages Projects
  • Collaborations - Network Groups
  • Networks in the Global Village: Life in Contemporary Communities by Barry Wellman (Editor) Barry Wellman - The Rise (and Possible Fall) of Networked Individualism. Westview Press 1998 http://www.sfu.ca/~insna/Connections-Web/Volume24-3/T&B.pdf

    Manuel Castells The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture (three volume trilogy): Oxford: Blackwell, 1996-1998; 2nd edition, 2000 and translated into 12 other languages

    Ontology: Philosophical and Computational Barry Smith http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/ontologies.htm

    Ontologies as the Representation (and Re-Representation) of Agreement Bill Mark http://ksl-web.stanford.edu/KR96/BillMarkPositionPaper.html

    Collaborative Ontology Construction for Information Integration - Farquhar http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/cache/papers/cs/2117/ftp:zSzzSzksl.stanford.eduzSzpubzSzKSL_ReportszSzKSL-95-63.pdf/farquhar95collaborative.pdf http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/farquhar96ontolingua.html COMPLEX NETWORKS: TOPOLOGY, DYNAMICS AND SYNCHRONIZATION XIAO FAN WANG http://www.worldscinet.com/ijbc/12/1205/S0218127402004802ref.html http://anthro.wayne.edu/iitc_site http://www.anthro.wayne.edu/iitc_site/gluesing.htm http://anthro.wayne.edu/iitc_site/batteau.htm http://www.media.wayne.edu/news.releases/03September/IITCGlobalTeams.html http://www.ilpi.wayne.edu/ http://www.ilpi.wayne.edu/files/ASTD_pres_Jun02.pdf http://www.mclaganinternational.com/index.asp training and development (careful: obliterates current page, open new window before reading)

    network readings - MIT

    index to connections publications

    some of my pdf examples